The conflict between cold and warm air masses heralds frequent weather and temperature fluctuations in the coming period (details)

Arab Weather - The autumn transitional period is characterized by many weather and temperature fluctuations that are clear and tangible in two close time periods, and we can delve into the details of the reins of affairs more to explain the reason for the many weather fluctuations in this period.

The conflict between air masses with different characteristics continues. What are the scientific reasons behind this?

Red Sea Depression

With the spring season, weather and temperature fluctuations increase as a result of the conflict that occurs between air masses coming from different sources. In the spring, the Red Sea Low becomes active, which is a thermal low that depends on the thermal differences in its formation, deepening, merging or contraction, which arise between the surface temperature of the waters in the Red Sea basin and the temperature of the land in the Arabian Peninsula and Sudan. The Red Sea Low is considered a subsidiary extension of its original home, which is the Sudan Thermal Low. The Red Sea Low causes a rise in temperatures and dry weather in many areas.

Khamaseen depressions

During the same period, the season of activity of the Khamasin depressions begins, which is a type of thermal depressions that are active in the spring. Khamasin depressions usually form in the Algerian desert east of the Atlas Mountains, but the places where they form differ. At some times, Khamasin depressions can form in Libyan territory.

This type of depression is formed as a result of the high heating of the land (the surface of the Earth). In the spring, temperatures in the north of the African continent begin to rise as the surface of the Earth heats up. Due to the difference in specific heat between the land and the water, the surface of the Mediterranean Sea remains cold, and the land becomes warmer. As a result, the air on the land begins to expand, its weight decreases, and the atmospheric pressure decreases, announcing the formation of a Khamaseen depression in the Great African Desert.

At the forefront of the Khamaseen depressions, Khamaseen weather conditions prevail, represented by dry, warm (or hot) and dusty weather, but the Khamaseen depression quickly moves away, and an air mass with lower temperatures rushes behind it, causing a sharp drop in temperatures in a period of time that may not exceed 24 hours sometimes. The Khamaseen depressions are one of the most prominent causes of temperature fluctuations in Jordan's climate during the spring.

Cooler air masses are still able to reach the region.

At the same time, the cooler air masses continue to flow towards the eastern regions of the European continent and lose a large part of their coldness upon reaching the Mediterranean waters, thus affecting the countries of the eastern basin in the form of spring masses mostly. This depends on the coldness of the air mass coming towards the waters, so it cannot be said that it will always be spring.

Here begins the conflict between the air masses coming from the east of the European continent and the others coming from the Arabian Peninsula or the Red Sea and North Africa, and thus temperature fluctuations increase significantly and the chances of contracting seasonal diseases such as colds and seasonal influenza increase.

God knows best