Arab Weather - Recent data from the Arab Weather Center indicates that the Mediterranean Sea is currently experiencing a significant marine heat wave, one of the most intense in decades for such a period. The data shows that large areas of the sea are experiencing temperatures more than 5 degrees Celsius above their seasonal averages, particularly in the western part of the Mediterranean. According to European reports, soils are suffering from severe drought, and river and reservoir levels have fallen in many countries, including those in the Levant. Forecasts indicate that the heat waves and drought will continue until late summer.

Unprecedented record values in sea surface temperature

According to the Centre for Mediterranean Environmental Studies (CEAM), the Mediterranean Sea experienced six of the ten highest daily sea surface temperature anomalies since data collection began in 1982 during this month. The three highest temperature anomalies were recorded on June 20, 21, and 22.

Potential impacts if the rise continues at the same pace on the countries of the region

High temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea could lead to stronger storms than usual. This fall is likely to be characterized by high turbulence and an increased chance of the formation of Mediterranean storms (medicanes), similar to tropical cyclones, fueled by intense sea temperatures. Consequently, we may witness sharp contrasts, with periods of very heavy rainfall (torrents) in some areas and drought in others.

Impacts on different sectors

Agriculture:

• High temperatures prolong the irrigation period and increase reliance on water sources that may be scarce.
• Cereal and fruit production may decline.

Environment and fires:

• Dry soil and stressed vegetation make the risk of fire very high until late fall.
• Marine life is threatened by rising water temperatures, which can lead to fish kills or toxic algae blooms.