A heat dome raised Amman's temperature to nearly 40 degrees Celsius on Saturday. What are the causes?

Arab Weather - Experts at the Arab Weather Center expect the Kingdom to be affected on Saturday by a weather phenomenon known as a "heat dome." This phenomenon has become more common in recent years and is directly linked to consecutive periods of high temperatures across wide areas.

Latest forecasts indicate that maximum temperatures in the capital, Amman, on Saturday will approach 40 degrees Celsius for the first time in a long time. This is due to the Kingdom being under the influence of this heat dome, which helps trap hot air over the region and prevent it from escaping into the upper atmosphere.

What is a heat dome scientifically?

A heat dome occurs when a strong high pressure system (500 hPa and above) is centered over a large area. This high pressure system acts as a compressive air blanket, preventing hot air near the Earth's surface from rising and dissipating, leading to a gradual buildup of heat in the lower layers of the atmosphere.

Meteorologists at ArabiaWeather reported that the longer this high remains in place, the greater the heat dome effect. Solar radiation continues to heat the Earth's surface, while hot air remains trapped and unable to rise, resulting in extremely hot and generally dry conditions.

⚠️ General recommendations:

• Avoid direct exposure to sunlight during midday hours (12 to 4 pm).
• Drink plenty of water and fluids, and wear light, loose-fitting clothing.
• Pay attention to the effect of heat on the elderly and children, especially inside closed vehicles.