Weather of Arabia - The “Historic Jeddah” program, in cooperation with the Heritage Authority in Saudi Arabia, announced on Sunday the discovery of approximately 25,000 remains of archaeological materials dating back to the first and second centuries AH (seventh and eighth centuries AD) in 4 historical sites.
The historical sites include the Othman bin Affan Mosque, may God be pleased with him, the archaeological shuna, parts of the eastern moat, and the northern wall, within the archaeological project supervised by the Historic Jeddah Programme, where the archaeological survey and excavation work that began in November 2020 resulted in the discovery of ceramic materials. Shell, mineral materials and building materials, in addition to animal bones.
Studies in the Othman bin Affan Mosque suggest that the materials date back to the first and second centuries AH, as they included a variety of ceramic vessels and pieces of fine porcelain, some of which were made in Jiangxi kilns in China between approximately the tenth and thirteenth centuries AH, in addition to pottery vessels. Dating back to the Abbasid era.
At the archaeological site of Shuna, the historical sequence of the architectural remains indicates at least the thirteenth century AH, with evidence from the tenth century AH, and at the site of Al-Kidwa (Bab Mecca), parts of the eastern moat were discovered that likely date back to the late twelfth century AH.
With the emergence of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula, Jeddah witnessed great development as the gateway to the Two Holy Mosques from the sea side, and its status rose after Caliph Othman bin Affan chose it as the main port of Mecca in the year 647.
Jeddah continues this approach to this day, as it is still considered the main crossing for pilgrims coming from all directions, whether by sea, air or land.
The traveler Al-Maqdisi Al-Bashari, in his book “The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions,” described Jeddah as
“A safe city, built in the Persian style, full of wealthy people and merchants, and its alleys include straight landmarks.”
Jeddah maintained its position as one of the most important cities in the Islamic world throughout the periods of the rule of the Umayyads, Abbasids, Ayyubids, Mamluks, and Ottomans. The city witnessed remarkable progress during the reign of the Mamluks, who created a protective wall for it to protect it and Muslim pilgrims from attacks by the Portuguese.
Over time, the city of Jeddah gained remarkable importance on the economic, political and social levels, as it developed into one of the most prominent cities in the Arabian Peninsula.
The opening of the Suez Canal in Egypt in 1869 was a decisive turning point, as Jeddah witnessed a remarkable period of growth, especially with the entry of steamships into its port. Since then, Jeddah has witnessed tangible developments in all fields, until it became a prominent tourist destination that combines the present and the past in amazing harmony. Restoration and rebuilding efforts come as an integral part of this development, as the authorities seek to preserve the cultural, heritage and environmental identity of the city, which enhances its position as a global tourist destination that attracts visitors from all over the world.
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Sources:
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